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Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Research
1.
Bacterial and parasitic zoonoses encountered at
slaughter in Maiduguri abattoir, north-eastern
Nigeria -
Adamu Nuhu Bala, Ali Emmanuel Garba, Adamu James
Yazah
Vet World. 2011; 4(10): 437-443
doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2011.437-443
Abstract
An abattoir survey to determine the prevalence of
zoonotic diseases encountered at postmortem
examination of organs and carcasses was conducted
in Maiduguri municipality, Nigeria, between 2000
and 2009. A total of 1,378,066 animals were
examined and slaughtered from which 403,560 were
cattle, 381,601 goats, 373,567 sheep and 219,308
camels. Out of these numbers, a total of 14,944
bacterial and parasitic zoonotic diseases were
diagnosed which included tuberculosis (67.6%),
dermatophilosis (15.8%), mange (16.7%),
fascioliasis (1.5%) and hydatidosis (4.3%).
Occurrence of the diseases based on sex, species
of animals and season of the year did not show any
significant difference (P>0.05). It was not
possible to get the exact records on breed and age
for each slaughtered animal due to poor recording
systems at the abattoir. With regards to the type
of animals brought for slaughter, almost all
animals come from the traditional sector and it
was difficult to precisely trace back the
geographical origins of all animals slaughtered
due to lack of reliable animal identification
method and so relating the finding of the study to
a particular locality becomes difficult.
Species-specific prevalence of tuberculosis was
1.6%, 0.4%, 0.3%, 0.3% for cattle, sheep, goats
and camels respectively with a 0.7% crude
prevalence. Analysis of the tuberculosis cases
showed a high rate of occurrence in cattle
(P<0.05) and the most affected organs were the
lungs (55.1%) and associated lymph nodes (27.7%)
(P<0.05). It was concluded that zoonotic diseases
such as tuberculosis, dermatophilosis and mange
are endemic in the study area. Abattoir records
are invaluable in epidemiological surveillance and
other aspects of disease control and prevention
strategies.
Keywords: Zoonoses, Ruminants,
Abattoir, Survey, Maiduguri, Tuberculosis,
Fascioliasis, Hydatidosis, Postmortem,
Dermatophilosis.
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